{"id":16214,"date":"2022-12-05T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-05T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ctzn.punkt.sk\/?p=16214"},"modified":"2026-05-21T17:10:49","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T15:10:49","slug":"uzemny-plan-pre-klimaticku-zmenu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ctzn.punkt.sk\/en\/uzemny-plan-pre-klimaticku-zmenu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako na zmenu kl\u00edmy pripravi\u0165 \u00fazemn\u00fd pl\u00e1n? Bratislava pracuje na\u00a0novom regulat\u00edve zelene"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Dunaj
Tri jedine\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 fenom\u00e9ny Bratislavy, Dunaj, Morava a Mal\u00e9 Karpaty, predstavuj\u00fa obrovsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l pre kvalitn\u00fa zeleno-modr\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru hlavn\u00e9ho mesta. S\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdmi elementami ekologicky funk\u010dn\u00e9ho spojenia urb\u00e1nneho a pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho prostredia Bratislavy. Foto: Arch\u00edv \u0160UP Josefa Vydru v Bratislave<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Ekoindex stanov\u00ed nielen mno\u017estvo, ale aj kvalitu zelene pri nov\u00fdch stavb\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"Jana<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
Jana Boz\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1<\/strong><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Fenom\u00e9n klimatickej zmeny bol dlh\u00e9 roky svedkom v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00fdch vedeck\u00fdch, ako aj politick\u00fdch diskusi\u00ed. Ak niekto napriek vedeck\u00e9mu konsenzu e\u0161te st\u00e1le neveril, \u017ee \u013eudia maj\u00fa vplyv na glob\u00e1lnu kl\u00edmu, musel precitn\u00fa\u0165 po\u010das pand\u00e9mie. Spomalenie ekonomiky v roku 2020 malo za n\u00e1sledok zn\u00ed\u017eenie emisi\u00ed v porovnan\u00ed s rokom 2019 o 7 %.1<\/strong><\/sup> Toto zistenie jasne ukazuje priamy vplyv \u013eudskej \u010dinnosti na glob\u00e1lnu kl\u00edmu. O\u010dak\u00e1vanie je, \u017ee ke\u010f sa ekonomick\u00e9 aktivity \u00faplne obnovia, tak sa emisie uhl\u00edka vr\u00e1tia na norm\u00e1lnu \u00farove\u0148, alebo e\u0161te porast\u00fa.2<\/strong><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pand\u00e9mia n\u00e1m jasne uk\u00e1zala, akou mierou sa na zmene kl\u00edmy podie\u013eame. Na\u0161ou \u010dinnos\u0165ou, rozhodnutiami a \u017eivotn\u00fdm \u0161t\u00fdlom sme ako \u013eudstvo dobrovo\u013ene nast\u00fapili do pomyseln\u00e9ho vlaku, a je len na n\u00e1s a na\u0161ich \u010fal\u0161\u00edch aktivit\u00e1ch, ako sa n\u00e1m v \u0148om bude \u010falej cestova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Glob\u00e1lny trend zmeny kl\u00edmy c\u00edtime u\u017e aj na Slovensku. Od 50. rokov minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia vedci eviduj\u00fa zmeny v teplot\u00e1ch a stave vody, pri\u010dom za posledn\u00e9 tri desa\u0165ro\u010dia st\u00fapla priemern\u00e1 teplota o 0,5 \u00b0C a po\u010det tropick\u00fdch dn\u00ed sa zdvojn\u00e1sobil. Pod\u013ea scen\u00e1rov SHM\u00da priemern\u00e1 teplota do konca 21. storo\u010dia st\u00fapne o 2 \u00b0C \u2013 4 \u00b0C. \u010eal\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mom s\u00fa dlh\u00e9 obdobia sucha s ob\u010dasn\u00fdmi intenz\u00edvnymi zr\u00e1\u017ekami, \u010do predstavuje ve\u013ek\u00e9 riziko pre mest\u00e1, kde je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina povrchov nepriepustn\u00e1.3<\/strong><\/sup> Syst\u00e9m kanaliz\u00e1cie v klimaticky neodoln\u00fdch mest\u00e1ch toti\u017e nie je pripraven\u00fd na mimoriadne zr\u00e1\u017eky, tak\u017ee prehrievanie m\u00f4\u017eu vystrieda\u0165 pr\u00edvalov\u00e9 da\u017ede. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Aj samotn\u00ed obyvatelia pova\u017euj\u00fa t\u00fato hrozbu za ve\u013emi aktu\u00e1lnu. Prieskum eurobarometer Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie z roku 2021 zistil, \u017ee pribli\u017ene 93 % jej ob\u010danov pova\u017euje zmenu kl\u00edmy za v\u00e1\u017eny probl\u00e9m.4<\/strong><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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[1] NASA, \u201cScientific consensus: Earth\u2019s climate is warming,\u201d accessed July 29, 2021.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
[2] Pep Canadell et al.: \u201cGlobal emissions are down by an unprecedented 7% \u2013 but don\u2019t start celebrating just yet,\u201d Conversation, December 11, 2020.\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
[3] Eva Streberova, Martina Ticha: Adaptation of Bratislava city to Climate Change. Dostupn\u00e9 na: oppla.eu<\/a><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
[4] European Commission, \u201cCitizen support for climate action,\u201d accessed July 29, 2021.<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"mapa\"
Vegeta\u010dn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch hlavn\u00e9ho mesta Bratislavy nie je nedostatok. Probl\u00e9mom je ich kvalita a klimatick\u00e1 odolnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 bude k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1 v pripravovanom metodickom n\u00e1stroji Ekoindex. Zdroj: MIB<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u010co na klimatick\u00fa zmenu hovor\u00ed \u00dazemn\u00fd pl\u00e1n hlavn\u00e9ho mesta Bratislavy?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Bratislave dlhodobo ch\u00fdbala v\u00edzia rie\u0161enia klimatickej zmeny. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm medzn\u00edkom tejto oblasti je schv\u00e1lenie vy\u0161e 700-stranov\u00e9ho strategick\u00e9ho dokumentu Bratislava 2030<\/a> zastupite\u013estvom v j\u00fani 2022. Tento rozsiahly dokument prin\u00e1\u0161a okrem in\u00e9ho k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 adapta\u010dno-mitiga\u010dn\u00e9 rie\u0161enia na zmenu kl\u00edmy, v\u010faka ktorej sa zn\u00ed\u017eia emisie o 55 % vo viacer\u00fdch sektoroch. Hlavn\u00e9 mesto Bratislava m\u00e1 v tomto smere jasn\u00fa strat\u00e9giu klimaticky odoln\u00e9ho mesta a jednou z \u010fal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdziev, na ktorej sa u\u017e v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti intenz\u00edvne pracuje, je jej pretavenie do nov\u00e9ho \u00fazemn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu mesta Bratislavy. Pre zeleno-modr\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru Bratislavy bolo v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm posunom prijatie zmien a doplnkov \u010d. 7 ZaD07, platn\u00fdch od janu\u00e1ra 2022, ktor\u00e9 ve\u013emi konkr\u00e9tne prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa adapt\u00e1ciu mesta na zmenu kl\u00edmy vo forme adapta\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1sad a opatren\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Posun spo\u010d\u00edva najm\u00e4 v nastaven\u00ed kvality mestskej zelene. Vzh\u013eadom na jedine\u010dn\u00e9 postavenie Bratislavy pri Mal\u00fdch Karpatoch a Dunaji, je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 zasie\u0165ovanie pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch, polopr\u00edrodn\u00fdch a ostatn\u00fdch prvkov do takzvanej zeleno-modrej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary. Tak\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom sa vytvor\u00ed priestorov\u00e1 ekologick\u00e1 konektivita mesta a d\u00f4jde k posilneniu k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb v podobe ochladzovania mikrokl\u00edmy, podpory vodn\u00e9ho cyklu. Ekologick\u00e9 sie\u0165ovanie m\u00e1 pozit\u00edvny dopad aj na mestsk\u00fa biodiverzitu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"Jana
Intenz\u00edvne kosen\u00fd tr\u00e1vnik je tzv. zelenou p\u00fa\u0161\u0165ou urb\u00e1nneho priestoru bez klimatickej odolnosti a potrebn\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb. Foto: Jana Boz\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"Eva
Foto: Eva Benkov\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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V \u0161ir\u0161om pon\u00edman\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161enie biodiverzity a zakomponovanie ekologick\u00fdch prvkov v urb\u00e1nnom priestore zvy\u0161uje kvalitu \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia, \u010do m\u00e1 priazniv\u00fd vplyv na zdravie obyvate\u013eov a pozit\u00edvne ovplyv\u0148uje ich \u017eivotn\u00fd \u0161t\u00fdl. Okrem in\u00e9ho, rozmanitej\u0161ia veget\u00e1cia v\u00fdrazne zvy\u0161uje pocit pohody, podporuje viac vo\u013ene \u017eij\u00facich \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov, ktor\u00e9 ope\u013euj\u00fa rastliny a redukuj\u00fa \u0161kodcov. Z dlhodob\u00e9ho poh\u013eadu s\u00fa pr\u00edrode bl\u00edzke rie\u0161enia zakomponovan\u00e9 do miest aj ekonomicky v\u00fdhodnej\u0161ie a udr\u017eate\u013enej\u0161ie. Napr\u00edklad v podobe ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch mana\u017ementov\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov, n\u00edzkej a\u017e nulovej spotreby vody na zavla\u017eovanie \u010di \u0161etrenia energie na klimatiz\u00e1ciu. Navy\u0161e, pridan\u00edm ekologicky funk\u010dn\u00fdch opatren\u00ed do mestsk\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed, napr\u00edklad v podobe pr\u00edrode bl\u00edzkych vodn\u00fdch prvkov, sa dan\u00e9 miesto st\u00e1va atrakt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00edm pre pobyt, b\u00fdvanie, otv\u00e1ranie prev\u00e1dzok a rozvoj turizmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ekoindex zadefinuje nov\u00fd \u0161tandard zeleno-modrej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Jedn\u00fdm z nov\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov, na ktorom sa u\u017e v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti pracuje, je vytvorenie Ekoindexu (Ekoi). S\u00fa\u010dasne platn\u00fd Koeficient zelene (KZ) v sebe zah\u0155\u0148a mno\u017estvo probl\u00e9mov, ktor\u00e9 Ekoi vyrie\u0161i a zadefinuje vhodnej\u0161ie a jasnej\u0161ie. Jedn\u00fdm z hlavn\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov je, \u017ee KZ nezoh\u013ead\u0148uje kvalitu zelene. Rastlinn\u00fd pokryv m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek, sta\u010d\u00ed splni\u0165 len ve\u013ekos\u0165 vegeta\u010dn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch na z\u00e1klade prisl\u00fachaj\u00facej hodnoty KZ. Rovnako tak KZ nezoh\u013ead\u0148uje mieru infiltr\u00e1cie a retencie zr\u00e1\u017ekovej vody a jej udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9 hospod\u00e1renie v urb\u00e1nnom priestore. Posledn\u00fdm a st\u00e1le rovnako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom je, \u017ee s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 metrika ignoruje potrebu vegeta\u010dn\u00fdch striech a vertik\u00e1lnych vegeta\u010dn\u00fdch elementov a ich urb\u00e1nno-ekologick\u00fa funkciu, najm\u00e4 v husto zastavan\u00fdch \u010dastiach hlavn\u00e9ho mesta. Podstatou Ekoi bude zadefinovanie jednotliv\u00fdch vegeta\u010dn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch v zmysle ich kvality, respekt\u00edve ak\u00e9 slu\u017eby a ko\u013eko ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa do mestsk\u00e9ho priestoru. Tak\u00fdto pr\u00edstup hodnotenia a klasifik\u00e1cia zelene sa nevenuj\u00fa iba jej kvantite. Prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa aj kvalitat\u00edvny v\u00fdznam s cie\u013eom zv\u00fd\u0161enia adapta\u010dno-mitiga\u010dnej kapacity mesta, \u010falej zlep\u0161enie zachyt\u00e1vania zr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch v\u00f4d a podporu biodiverzity.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"Jana
Extenz\u00edvne plochy tr\u00e1v a byl\u00edn je nutn\u00e9 podporova\u0165 a neobmedzova\u0165 iba na \u00fazke vyhraden\u00e9 vegeta\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00e1sy. Foto: Jana Boz\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"Eva
Kvalitn\u00e1 vegeta\u010dn\u00e1 plocha popri cest\u00e1ch \u010di chodn\u00edkoch je tvoren\u00e1 klimaticky odoln\u00fdmi tr\u00e1vami, ktor\u00e9 zn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa aj extr\u00e9mne such\u00e9 let\u00e1 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 po\u010das intenz\u00edvnych da\u017e\u010fov dok\u00e1\u017eu absorbova\u0165 zna\u010dn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 zr\u00e1\u017eok. Foto: Eva Benkov\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Zaveden\u00edm novej metriky v podobe Ekoi, respekt\u00edve v\u00fdmenou s\u00fa\u010dasne platn\u00e9ho KZ, bude ma\u0165 mesto v ruk\u00e1ch siln\u00fa regul\u00e1ciu toho, ak\u00fa kvalitu verejn\u00fdch priestorov prinesie aj samotn\u00e9 mesto a nov\u00e9 developersk\u00e9 projekty. V kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku Ekoi bude pomocn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom pre developerov s jasn\u00fdmi po\u017eiadavkami mesta v zmysle adapta\u010dno-mitiga\u010dn\u00fdch opatren\u00ed na zmenu kl\u00edmy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V kontexte rozvoja hlavn\u00e9ho mesta bude Ekoi kvantifikovate\u013en\u00fdm z\u00e1kladom pre systematick\u00fd a efekt\u00edvny n\u00e1vrh kvalitnej, a teda funk\u010dnej zeleno-modrej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary mesta. V zmysle toho je potrebn\u00e9 Ekoi vyu\u017ei\u0165 aj vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej mierke mesta, ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa mestsk\u00e9 \u010dasti Bratislavy. Poznan\u00edm aktu\u00e1lnej zeleno-modrej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary naprie\u010d mestom a jej preveren\u00edm n\u00e1m Ekoi d\u00e1va jasn\u00e9 d\u00e1ta o tom, v \u010dom je potreba posilni\u0165 jednotliv\u00e9 mestsk\u00e9 \u010dasti. Ekoi jednozna\u010dne mus\u00ed nastavi\u0165 nov\u00fd \u0161tandard pre \u010fal\u0161ie formovanie mestsk\u00e9ho priestoru v Bratislave, najm\u00e4 nov\u00e9 developersk\u00e9 projekty. Je nutn\u00e9, aby t\u00e1to metrika podporovala pr\u00e1ve pr\u00edrode bl\u00edzke opatrenia, pre ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa charakteristick\u00e9 pr\u00ednosy vo forme takzvan\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb, ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa vhodn\u00e1 mikrokl\u00edma, ochladzovanie mesta, infiltr\u00e1cia zr\u00e1\u017eok p\u00f4dou \u010di podpora biodiverzity.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"Jana
Kvalitn\u00e1 veget\u00e1cia resp. spr\u00e1vny mana\u017ement pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch a polopr\u00edrodn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch v meste podporuje biodiverzitu, jednu z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb odoln\u00e9ho mesta. Popri Chorv\u00e1tskom ramene v Petr\u017ealke mo\u017eno \u010dastokr\u00e1t pozorova\u0165 vz\u00e1cny druh ak\u00fdm je volavka. Foto: Jana Boz\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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5. DECEMBER 2022<\/p>\n
Text: Jana Boz\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1<\/strong>
\nFotografie: Eva Benkov\u00e1, Jana Boz\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1 a Arch\u00edv \u0160UP Josefa Vydru v Bratislave
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Partneri<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0\u00a0 \"\" \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \"\" \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \"\"<\/p>\n
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\n\"klimatapotrebuje-2\"\u00a0 \"\"\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \"\" \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \"mib<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Medi\u00e1lni partneri<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0 \u00a0 \"ealogo\"<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ekoindex stanov\u00ed nielen mno\u017estvo, ale aj kvalitu zelene pri nov\u00fdch stavb\u00e1ch.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":16878,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":4,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"autor":[388],"vydanie":[343],"partner":[],"class_list":["post-16214","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezaradene","autor-jana-bozanova","vydanie-ako-tu-mozeme-zit"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAko na zmenu kl\u00edmy pripravi\u0165 \u00fazemn\u00fd pl\u00e1n? Bratislava pracuje na\u00a0novom regulat\u00edve zelene - CTZN<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ctzn.punkt.sk\/en\/uzemny-plan-pre-klimaticku-zmenu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ako na zmenu kl\u00edmy pripravi\u0165 \u00fazemn\u00fd pl\u00e1n? 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