{"id":16247,"date":"2022-11-15T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-15T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ctzn.punkt.sk\/?p=16247"},"modified":"2026-05-21T17:06:25","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T15:06:25","slug":"mesta-su-plne-roznych-ekosystemov-hoci-ich-nevnimame","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ctzn.punkt.sk\/en\/mesta-su-plne-roznych-ekosystemov-hoci-ich-nevnimame\/","title":{"rendered":"Aj mesto je pr\u00edroda. \u010c\u00edm\u00a0je\u00a0pestrej\u0161ia, t\u00fdm lep\u0161ie odol\u00e1 zmene\u00a0kl\u00edmy"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"monitoring
M\u00e1lo \u013eud\u00ed si uvedomuje, \u017ee v skuto\u010dnosti je len ve\u013emi mal\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 mesta pod na\u0161ou kontrolou. Pr\u00edroda si v nejakej forme v\u017edy n\u00e1jde cestu sp\u00e4\u0165. Na fotke dobrovo\u013en\u00ed\u010dky – lovkyne kom\u00e1rov monitoruj\u00fa liahe\u0148 kom\u00e1rov v Bratislave. Foto: TASR \/ Jaroslav Novak<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n
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\u017divot na plan\u00e9te z\u00e1vis\u00ed od biodiverzity. No v\u00a0na\u0161ich mysliach je jej v\u00fdznam \u010dasto zredukovan\u00fd na t\u00e9mu ochrany zvierat a\u00a0rastl\u00edn v\u00a0divo\u010dine \u010di v\u00a0rur\u00e1lnej krajine bez nadv\u00e4znosti na probl\u00e9my na\u0161ej civiliz\u00e1cie. Mo\u017eno by pomohlo, ak by sme si ako reprezentanta biodiverzity predstavili nie\u010do bl\u00edzke, napr\u00edklad na\u0161e mest\u00e1.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"Samuel<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
Samuel Achberger<\/strong><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Odborn\u00edci na \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie s t\u00fdmto probl\u00e9mom z\u00e1pasia u\u017e roky. Na\u0161a plan\u00e9ta, jej procesy a ekosyst\u00e9my s\u00fa tak\u00e9 zlo\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee vysvetlenie komplikovan\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov, ktor\u00fdm \u010del\u00edme, je jednou z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch komunika\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdziev s\u00fa\u010dasnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mesto ako najkomplexnej\u0161\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m vy\u017eaduje porozumenie, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1js\u0165 iba medzi akt\u00e9rmi z r\u00f4znych pol\u00ed v\u00fdskumu, mana\u017ementu a verejnej spr\u00e1vy. Na\u0161e strat\u00e9gie a ciele v oblastiach mobility, biodiverzity \u010di \u00fazemn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1novania musia by\u0165 vz\u00e1jomne informovan\u00e9 a tvoren\u00e9 spolo\u010dne s jasn\u00fdmi cie\u013emi. Toto je skuto\u010dnou v\u00fdzvou, ktorej \u010del\u00edme. Prv\u00e9 inteligentn\u00e9 a uhl\u00edkovo neutr\u00e1lne mesto bude to, ktor\u00e9 tieto odli\u0161n\u00e9 z\u00e1ujmy zlad\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u2022 Biodiverzita je predpokladom odoln\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. S rast\u00facou komplexitou v\u0161ak nar\u00e1\u017eame na limity na\u0161ej predstavivosti, nedok\u00e1\u017eeme myslie\u0165 na v\u0161etky s\u00favislosti. Aj navrhovanie miest odoln\u00fdch vo\u010di zmene kl\u00edmy sa st\u00e1va \u010doraz \u0165a\u017e\u0161\u00edm. Nutn\u00e1 je t\u00edmov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca.<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Burina v chodn\u00edku a kom\u00e1re \u2013 mest\u00e1 \u017eij\u00fa viac, ako si mysl\u00edme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Aj ke\u010f si to nev\u0161\u00edmame, mest\u00e1 s\u00fa domovom nespo\u010detn\u00e9ho mno\u017estva biotopov a pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho bohatstva. V porovnan\u00ed s rur\u00e1lnou krajinou toti\u017e pon\u00fakaj\u00fa nesmiernu diverzitu pr\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pre \u017eivot. S\u00fa teplej\u0161ie ako okolit\u00e1 krajina, na malom priestore koncentruj\u00fa mno\u017estvo udr\u017eiavan\u00fdch aj neudr\u017eiavan\u00fdch zelen\u00fdch, hned\u00fdch \u010di modr\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch. V meste sa v\u017edy n\u00e1jde trhlina \u010di skryt\u00e9 miesto, ktor\u00e9 zadr\u017e\u00ed vlhkos\u0165, a to aj v t\u00fdch teplej\u0161\u00edch d\u0148och.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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\"Mufl\u00f3n
T\u00e9me mestsk\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov sa venuj\u00fa dokumenty ako Planeta Praha \u010di Natura Urbana. Na sn\u00edmke mufl\u00f3ny eur\u00f3pske v are\u00e1li pra\u017eskej Thomayerovej nemocnice. Foto: Aerofilms <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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M\u00e1lo \u013eud\u00ed si uvedomuje, \u017ee v skuto\u010dnosti je len ve\u013emi mal\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 mesta pod na\u0161ou kontrolou. Aj stavebn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly boli v minulosti pr\u00edrodn\u00fdmi, len sme ich spracovali. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 rastlina prerastaj\u00faca cez chodn\u00edk, ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00fd boj s kom\u00e1rmi \u010di \u017eubrienky v ml\u00e1ke po n\u00e1valovom da\u017edi na inak ru\u0161nom stavenisku s\u00fa pripomienkami, \u017ee mesto nepatr\u00ed iba \u013eu\u010fom. Ak by sme sa aj sna\u017eili divo\u010dinu \u201evyl\u00fa\u010di\u0165\u201c z na\u0161ich miest, v nejakej forme pr\u00edroda v\u017edy n\u00e1jde cestu sp\u00e4\u0165. Na\u0161\u0165astie. S rast\u00facim dopytom po zeleni v meste n\u00e1m biodiverzita sl\u00fa\u017ei viac, ne\u017e vn\u00edmame.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Uprednost\u0148ovanie v\u010diel \u013eu\u010fmi nar\u00fa\u0161a ekosyst\u00e9m<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u010casto sk\u013azame k tomu, \u017ee chceme ka\u017ed\u00e9mu \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchovi prip\u00edsa\u0165 konkr\u00e9tnu \u00falohu, aby sme obh\u00e1jili ich pr\u00e1vo na existenciu v meste. Potrebujeme v\u010dely, aby ope\u013eovali na\u0161e plodiny. Vt\u00e1ky zas m\u00f4\u017eu regulova\u0165 po\u010dty ne\u017eiad\u00faceho hmyzu, ktor\u00fd n\u00e1s ob\u0165a\u017euje. V\u0161etky pozit\u00edva, ktor\u00e9 r\u00f4znym \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchom pripisujeme, maj\u00fa v\u0161ak p\u00f4vod v omnoho komplexnej\u0161om syst\u00e9me. Napr\u00edklad pr\u00e1ve v\u010dely medonosn\u00e9, ktor\u00fdm d\u00e1vame najviac priestoru, ope\u013euj\u00fa iba niektor\u00e9 plodiny a z\u00e1rove\u0148 s\u00fa hrozbou pre tie ope\u013eova\u010de, ktor\u00e9 pokr\u00fdvaj\u00fa zvy\u0161ok. Uprednost\u0148ovanie jedn\u00e9ho typu ope\u013eova\u010da bez vytv\u00e1rania podmienok pre in\u00fdch m\u00f4\u017ee v kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku \u010falej zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 v\u00fdnosy z po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pr\u00edklad so v\u010delou medonosnou je jedn\u00fdm z mnoh\u00fdch zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed zlo\u017eit\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov v pr\u00edrode. Procesy, ktor\u00e9 h\u00fdbu jednotliv\u00fdmi \u010das\u0165ami ekosyst\u00e9mov, s\u00fa tak\u00e9 vzdialen\u00e9 \u010di nevidite\u013en\u00e9 \u013eudsk\u00e9mu oku, \u017ee si neuvedomujeme ich v\u00fdznam. Z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm princ\u00edpom, ktor\u00fdm by sme sa preto mali riadi\u0165, je ten, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 bytos\u0165 \u2013 \u010di u\u017e je to hmyz, vt\u00e1k alebo oboj\u017eiveln\u00edk \u2013 m\u00e1 \u00falohu, ktor\u00e1 zapad\u00e1 do syst\u00e9mu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00faceho \u017eivot na tejto plan\u00e9te.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zdrav\u00e9 prostredie v meste aj mimo neho je spravidla tak\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 vytv\u00e1ra podmienky pre diverzitu \u017eivota, pri\u010dom ka\u017ed\u00fd organizmus r\u00f4znym sp\u00f4sobom prispieva k schopnosti ekosyst\u00e9mu ako celku \u010disti\u0165 vzduch, zadr\u017eiava\u0165 uhl\u00edk \u010di robi\u0165 na\u0161e prostredie kraj\u0161\u00edm a inak pr\u00ednosn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"biodiverzita\"
Mo\u017eno raz pochop\u00edme, \u017ee to, \u010do je dobr\u00e9 pre zdravie n\u00e1\u0161ho prostredia, je spravidla dobr\u00e9 aj pre n\u00e1s a na\u0161u spolo\u010dnos\u0165\nna v\u0161etky\u0301ch \u00farovniach \u2013 od hospod\u00e1rskej po ekologick\u00fa. Foto: Shutterstock \/ Lorenza Marzocchi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u017divot v meste je ekologickej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e na<\/strong> vidieku<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Mest\u00e1 hraj\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu v dne\u0161nom svete. S\u00fa centrami ekonomick\u00e9ho, politick\u00e9ho a kult\u00farneho \u017eivota a z\u00e1rove\u0148 s\u00fa jedn\u00fdm z najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1strojov, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1me pri boji s klimatickou kr\u00edzou. Kompaktnos\u0165 miest \u010di ich hust\u00e1 infra\u0161trukt\u00fara z nich robia ide\u00e1lne prostredie pre zn\u00ed\u017eenie uhl\u00edkovej stopy jednotlivca na minimum. Poskytuj\u00fa neust\u00e1le pr\u00edle\u017eitosti na zefekt\u00edv\u0148ovanie tokov zdrojov a \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u017divot v meste je vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov ekologickej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u017eivot na vidieku \u2013 minim\u00e1lne \u010do sa t\u00fdka poh\u013eadu na emisie a energetick\u00fa efektivitu dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Aj z toho d\u00f4vodu sa najviac sklo\u0148ovan\u00fdmi n\u00e1strojmi zmier\u0148ovania n\u00e1sledkov zmeny kl\u00edmy stali zahus\u0165ovanie miest a zmeny v mobilite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ak do tohto mixu primie\u0161ame zvy\u0161ovanie biodiverzity, \u00fa\u010dinok t\u00fdchto opatren\u00ed sa zn\u00e1sobuje. Spolu so skompakt\u0148ovan\u00edm mesta \u010di s rozvojom udr\u017eate\u013enej mobility by sme mali automaticky prin\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 r\u00f4znorod\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 prvky do na\u0161ich miest. Sp\u00f4soby, ak\u00fdmi vn\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 biodiverzitu do miest, je v\u0161ak nemo\u017en\u00e9 \u0161tandardizova\u0165. Tak ako je ka\u017ed\u00e9 mesto odli\u0161n\u00e9 vo svojich siln\u00fdch aj slab\u00fdch str\u00e1nkach, rovnako to plat\u00ed aj pre jeho pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 danosti \u010di potreby jeho urb\u00e1nneho ekosyst\u00e9mu. Niektor\u00e9 mest\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 ide\u00e1lne podmienky pre prep\u00e1janie zelen\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch, k\u00fdm potenci\u00e1l in\u00fdch m\u00f4\u017ee spo\u010d\u00edva\u0165 v lep\u0161om vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed ich vodn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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\"zahus\u0165ovanie
Najviac sklo\u0148ovan\u00fdmi n\u00e1strojmi zmier\u0148ovania n\u00e1sledkov zmeny kl\u00edmy sa stali zahus\u0165ovanie miest a zmeny v mobilite. Zvy\u0161ovanie biodiverzity \u00fa\u010dinok t\u00fdchto opatren\u00ed zn\u00e1sobuje. Foto: Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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\u201eIba r\u00f4znorod\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa z\u00e1visl\u00e9 od jednej s\u00fa\u010diastky, jedn\u00e9ho zdroja \u010di procesu, dok\u00e1\u017eu pre\u017ei\u0165 n\u00e1por neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdch udalost\u00ed \u010di kr\u00edz.\u201c<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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O zni\u017eovan\u00ed n\u00e1sledkov zmeny kl\u00edmy mus\u00edme uva\u017eova\u0165 diverzitne. R\u00f4znorod\u00e1 zele\u0148 \u010di in\u00e9 pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 prvky, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa prirodzenou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou mesta, s\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pre jeho odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di pr\u00edvalov\u00fdm da\u017e\u010fom, ktor\u00e9 zadr\u017eiavaj\u00fa, \u010di hor\u00fa\u010dav\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 zmier\u0148uj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
R\u00f4znorod\u00e9 prostredia v\u0161ak dok\u00e1\u017eu prekvita\u0165 iba vtedy, ak vedia fungova\u0165 do ve\u013ekej miery auton\u00f3mne. Zele\u0148 nezadr\u017e\u00ed vodu sama od seba \u2013 potrebuje zdrav\u00fa p\u00f4du, pre ktor\u00fa je nevyhnutn\u00e1 pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 biologick\u00fdch zlo\u017eiek, mikroorganizmov \u010di hmyzu a \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov. Zdrav\u00e9 prostredie existuje na pozad\u00ed vz\u0165ahov, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00edme rozv\u00edja\u0165 a na ktor\u00e9 mus\u00edme myslie\u0165 pri tvorbe mesta. Napr\u00edklad aj vtedy, ke\u010f sad\u00edme stromoradie alebo ke\u010f vytv\u00e1rame segregovan\u00fa cyklocestu a zam\u00fd\u0161\u013eame sa, \u010di ju zatr\u00e1vni\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Akt\u00edvne h\u013eadanie sp\u00f4sobov, ako prin\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 diverzitu do miest, mus\u00ed by\u0165 automatickou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9ho rozvoja. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti stoj\u00edme pred ot\u00e1zkou, ako vytvori\u0165 uhl\u00edkovo neutr\u00e1lne a inteligentn\u00e9 mest\u00e1 s udr\u017eate\u013enou mobilitou a kompaktnou z\u00e1stavbou, ktor\u00e9 navy\u0161e podporuj\u00fa biodiverzitu. Odpovede na tieto ot\u00e1zky sa pritom nedaj\u00fa n\u00e1js\u0165 izolovane pri t\u00e9me mobility, ekol\u00f3gie \u010di energetiky. Na procese adapt\u00e1cie na n\u00e1sledky zmeny kl\u00edmy je najn\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161ia radik\u00e1lna zmena uva\u017eovania nad komplexn\u00fdmi probl\u00e9mami, ktor\u00fa si to vy\u017eaduje. Prv\u00fdm krokom je toti\u017e n\u00e1js\u0165 pokoru v sp\u00f4sobe, ak\u00fdm k probl\u00e9mom pristupujeme, a rie\u0161i\u0165 ich t\u00edmovo. Diverzita je z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm predpokladom odolnosti a bude preto k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm princ\u00edpom pri h\u013eadan\u00ed rie\u0161en\u00ed v najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch desa\u0165ro\u010diach.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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15. NOVEMBER 2022<\/p>\n
Text: Samuel Achberger<\/strong>
\nFotografie: Aerofilms, Jaroslav Nov\u00e1k, Lorenza Marzocchi a Shutterstock
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Partneri<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0\u00a0 \"\" \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \"\" \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \"\"<\/p>\n
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\n\"klimatapotrebuje-2\"\u00a0 \"\"\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \"\" \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \"mib<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Medi\u00e1lni partneri<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0 \u00a0 \"ealogo\"<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u017divot na plan\u00e9te z\u00e1vis\u00ed od biodiverzity. No v\u00a0na\u0161ich mysliach je jej v\u00fdznam \u010dasto zredukovan\u00fd na t\u00e9mu ochrany zvierat a\u00a0rastl\u00edn v\u00a0divo\u010dine \u010di v\u00a0rur\u00e1lnej krajine bez nadv\u00e4znosti na probl\u00e9my na\u0161ej civiliz\u00e1cie. Mo\u017eno by pomohlo, ak by sme si ako reprezentanta biodiverzity predstavili nie\u010do bl\u00edzke, napr\u00edklad na\u0161e mest\u00e1.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":16458,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":4,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"autor":[387],"vydanie":[343],"partner":[],"class_list":["post-16247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezaradene","autor-samuel-achberger","vydanie-ako-tu-mozeme-zit"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAj mesto je pr\u00edroda. \u010c\u00edm\u00a0je\u00a0pestrej\u0161ia, t\u00fdm lep\u0161ie odol\u00e1 zmene\u00a0kl\u00edmy - CTZN<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ctzn.punkt.sk\/en\/mesta-su-plne-roznych-ekosystemov-hoci-ich-nevnimame\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aj mesto je pr\u00edroda. \u010c\u00edm\u00a0je\u00a0pestrej\u0161ia, t\u00fdm lep\u0161ie odol\u00e1 zmene\u00a0kl\u00edmy - CTZN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u017divot na plan\u00e9te z\u00e1vis\u00ed od biodiverzity. 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